Effects of Genotype and Storage period on theExternal and Internal Characteristics of Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) Eggs
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the influence of genotype on internal and external egg
quality, proximate composition and lipid profile of guinea fowls (Numida meleagris). A total of
120 freshly laid guinea fowl eggs of three genotypes of guinea fowl (White breasted, White and
lavender) were collected to evaluate egg quality traits. The genotype had significant (P<0.05)
effect on egg proximate composition and other egg traits. Egg proximate principle such as total
ash (5.88±0.10), crude protein (70.62±0.24), carbohydrate (3.78±0.12) and crude fat (6.74±0.16)
significantly (p<0.05) favored white breasted compared to others. The mean yolk thickness
(61.00±1.93mm) was significantly (P<0.05) much thicker in white breasted than the other
genotypes. Other egg internal and external characteristics such as egg weight, egg length, egg
width, yolk weight, yolk length, albumen weight, shell weight and shell thickness were not
significantly different (p>0.05) among the three genotypes. Genotype had significant (p<0.05)
effect on most lipid profile indices except on cholesterol. The white guinea fowl eggs had the
highest (p<0.05) values of triglycerol (172.56±5.89) and low density lipoproteins (24.18±2.51%)
while the high density lipoprotein was higher (p<0.05) in white breasted guinea fowl eggs
(18.42±1.22%). Some of the egg characteristics were significantly (p<0.05) affected by storage.
The mean values of yolk thickness and shell weight were significantly (p<0.05) highest in white
breasted egg after storage while the white guinea fowl egg had the highest (p<0.05) mean values
of yolk weight and shell thickness. The results of this study suggested that increasing storage time
affected some external and internal egg quality characteristics of guinea fowl eggs. In addition
the egg quality traits of guinea fowl are influenced by genotype.
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