Genomic Comparison of Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Myostatin Gene Sequences in Chickens, Rabbits and Sheep
Abstract
The gene sequences of Growth hormone (GH), Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and
Myostatin (MSTN) were downloaded from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information
(NCBI) database, in FASTA format, using respective accession numbers of the genes in the
GenBank to access the necessary gene information needed for the analysis. They were subjected
to on-line GENSCAN tool, to identify the number of a particular category of gene in a genome;
number of exons in each gene; type of exons, poly-A signal or promoter; the DNA strand on which
each type of exons is found; number of open reading frame (ORF); predicted peptide size (amino
acid) per gene and predicted coding sequence size (bp) per gene. Results indicated that higher
body weight and size of sheep might have been due to two categories of GH, high exon number of
GH, long sequence length of GH which resulted to higher predicted coding sequence and higher
predicted peptide size. Rabbit and sheep IGF-1 has longer gene length, higher gene categories,
and higher exon number, which might have been the reason for higher body weight at maturity
compare to chicken. It is concluded that; the category of genes in chicken, rabbit and sheep
genomes has effect in the rate of growth to maturity, final body weight, structure and conformation
of the body. The genes sequences shares some conserved regions but varied greatly among
chicken, rabbit and sheep species. The gene conserved regions similarities are for conserved
functions while, the differences are for different expression pathways among the three species.
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References
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