Haematology and Biochemical indices of White Fulani Cattle Grazed on Natural Pasture in Four Locations
Keywords:
White Fulani Cattle, Hematology, Serum biochemistry, Blood Minerals, Forage
Abstract
A 90-day trial was conducted to investigate the hematological and serum biochemical indices of white fulani cattle grazed on natural pasture. Twelve (12) white Fulani cattle of mixed sex averaging one year were randomly divided into four (4) different locations of three (3) animals per group in a completely randomized design (CRD). Results obtained on the hematological indices revealed significant (P<0.05) differences across the locations for pack cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cells (RBC) count, white blood cells (WBC) count, platelets, lymphocytes (LYM), Neutrophils (NEUT), Monocytes and Eosinophils. The PCV ranged (31.50 – 35.50%), Hb (10.55 – 11.15g/dl) RBC (5.22 – 5.42x106/iu), WBC (3.15x1034.40x103/ul), Platelet (1.62 – 1.72x105/iu), Lym (63.50 – 67.50%), neutrophils (27.50 – 31.50%), Monocytes (2.00 – 3%) and Eosinophil (3.00 – 4.50%). There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in the values obtained for globulin, total protein, albumin, creatinine and bun with exception of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (70.50 – 92.50 Iu/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (5.25 – 9.95/iu), glucose (65.50 – 80.50mg/dl) and cholesterol (85.00 – 98.50mg/dl) which differed significantly across locations. The results of blood minerals showed significant (P<0.05) differences among the different locations and experimental animals. The results for calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) ranged from 8.60 to 9.60, 3.95 to 4.15, 5.75 to 6.75, 1.55 to 1.85, 0.30 to 0.4 and 0.03 to 0.07 respectively. The values obtained for forage minerals ranged from P (0.27 – 0.35%), K (0.50 – 0.58%), Mg (0.23 – 0.30%), Ca (0.30 – 0.39%), Fe (91.85 – 152.30%), Zn (24.83 – 50.40mg/kg) and Cu (3.76 – 7.10mg/kg). Results obtained from this study showed that the forage quality grazed by the animals within College vicinity had no negative effect on blood parameters. It is therefore concluded that animals can be raised on natural pasture in these locations.
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References
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Ganong W.F. (2005). Review of Medical physilogy. 22nd Edition McGraw-Hill Medical Publication Asias pp 459: 516-532
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Hassan, L.G. and Umar, K.J. (2006) Nutritional Value of Balsam Apple (Momordica balsamina L.) Leaves. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5, 522-529. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2006.522.529.
Jain, N.C. (1986). Haemotological Techniques in: Schalmis veterinary Haematology. Lea and Febiger philadelphia pp:80-86.
Kaneko, K. (1989). Patterndynamics in spatiotemporal chaos: pattern selection and pattern competition intermittency. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 34(1-2), 1-41.
Kaslow, J.E. (2009). Globulins, total protein. http://www.drkaslow.com/html/protein.albumin.globulin.html.
Khan, Z.I., Ashraf, M., Hussain, A. and McDowell, L.R. (2005) Seasonal Variation of Trace Elements in a Semiarid Veld Pasture. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37, 1471-1484. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620600585914
Margaret, L. and Vickery, B. (1997) Plant Products of Tropical Africa. Macmillan in College, London.
McDowell, L.R. (1985) Calcium, Phosphorus and Flourine. In: McDowell, L.R., Ed., Nutrition of Grazing Ruminants in Warm Climates, Academic Press, Orlando, 189-212.
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Mitruka, B. M. and Rawnsley, M. (1977). Clinical Biochemical and Haematological Reference Values in Normal Experimental Animals. Masson publishing New York
Motsei, L. E., Yusuf, A. O., and Ravhuhali K. (2020). Seasonal variation in some physiological parameters of calves on communal range land of North West Province, South Africa. Afr J. Food Agric Nutrition Development. 2020: 20(1): 15304 – 15316.
Njidda, A.A., Hassan, I.T. and Olatunji, E.A. (2013). Haematological and biochemical parameters of goats of semi-arid environment fed on natural grazing rangeland of Northern Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 3 (2): 1-8.
Njidda, A.A., Shuaibu, A.A. and Isidahomen, C.E. (2014). Haematological and serum biochemical indices of sheep in semi-arid environment of northern Nigeria. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: D Agricultural and Veterinary, 14(2): 49-56
Noah, M.R (2015). Effect of inhaled benzene on mice’s peripheral blood: Erythrocyte morphology and count analysis, hematocrit and hemoglobin level and erythrocyte indices. Inter. Proc. Chem., Biol and Environ. Engin 90: 114-120.
NRC (National Research Council). (1985). Nutrient requirement of dairy and meat goats in temperate and tropical countries. National Academy of Science, Washington D.C.
Odeyinka S.M. and Okunade, G.K. (2005). Goat production in Oyo State: A case study of
Ogbomosho town. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 32 (1), 108-115
Oluyemi, E. A., Akilua, A. A., Adenuya, A. A. and Adebayo M. B. (2006). Mineral contents of some commonly consumed Nigerian foods. Science Focus, 2006; (1):153-157.
Owosibo, A.O., Odetola, O.M., Okere, I.A, and Odejide, J.O. (2017). Growth performance, blood parameters and carcass characteristics of broilers fed corn bran based diets with or without enzynes (Maxigrain) supplementation. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science 19(1), 135-143.
Oyawoye, E. O., (1999). A case of environmental small scale backyard livestock production towards augmenting family protein needs. Proceedings of small scale livestock production towards reduction of malnutrition and poverty in rural and sub urban families in Nigeria. 7 – 11th March, ATBU Bauchi 1999 Pp. 92 – 103.
Peters, K.J., (1988). Principles in evaluation of goat populations in tropical and subtropical environments. World Review of Animal Production, Vol, XXIV, No 1, January-March 1988
Plumb, D. C., (1999). Veterinary Drug Handbook. Lower State University Press Veterinary Clinic Pathology Practice Publishing Co., 1984.
Prvulovic, D., Kosarcic, S., Popovic, M., Dimitrigevic, D. and Grubor-Lajsic, G. (2012). The influenced of hydrated allumino-silicate on biochemical and haematological blood parameters, growth performance and carcass traits of pigs. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11(1): 134 - 140.
Roberts, K. M., Daryl, K. G., Peter, A. M. and Victor, W. R. (2003). Harpers Biochemistry, 25th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York. Pp. 765.
Sanusi, W.A. (2011). Effect of poverty on participation in non- farm activity in Ibarapa Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Research. (1)88-95.
Sowande, O. S. Odufowora, E. B., Adelakun, A. O., Egbeyale, L. T., (2008). Blood minerals in WAD Sheep and goat grazing natural pastures during wet and dry seasons. Archives de Zootecnia, Vol. 57, number 218 Junio, 2008, Pp. 275 – 278. Chicago II.
SPSS Inc. (2010). Statistical procedure for social sciences. SPSS version 17.0. SPSS Inc
Swati Deshmuki and VarshaJadhav.(2014). Bromatological and mineral assessment of Clitoria ternetea Linn leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 5, No. 3, Pp. 244 – 246.
Tavares – Dias, M., Oliveira – Junior, A., and Marcon, J. L., (2008). Methodological limitation of counting total leukocrytes and thrombocytes in reptile (Amazon turtile, Podocnemis expansa): An analysis and discussion. Acta Amazonica 38, 159 – 163.23
Timothy, M.M. (2016). Mechanical Blood Trauma in Assisted Circulation: Bublethal RBC Damage Preceding Hemolysis. The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 39:4, 150-159.
Ukpabi, U.H. (2007) “Evaluation of Mucuna seed mel based diets for goat production in South-Eastern Nigeria” Ph.D Theis, Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU), Abia State, Nigeria.
Underwood, E. J. (1980). The mineral nutrition of livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England. 1981; 10.
Walinga, I., Vark, W., Houba, V.J.G. and Lee, J.J. (1989). Soil and plant analysis, part 7, plant analysis procedures, Wageningen, The Netherlands: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutriton, Wageningen Agricultural University.
Whitten, L. K., (1971): Disease of domestic animals in New Zealand. Edit serv, wellington, New Zealand. Pp. 341 – 342.
Adedeji, A. O. (1992). Rapid Interpretation of routine clinical laboratory tests. 1st Edition, pub S. A. Sekome and Co., Samavn, Zaria Nigeria Pp. 1016.
Adejumo, D.O. (2004). Performance, organ development and Haematological of Rats ted sole diets of graded levels of cassava flour and soybean flour (soy gari) as substitutes for energy and protein concentrates. Trop. J. Animal Sci. 7:57-63.
Adelusi, O.O., Akinbode, R.M., Adebayo, K.O., Stephen, K.M. and Oluwasegun, A.S. (201). Performance, rumen characteristics and blood profile of West African Dwarf goats fed varying level of yeast. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45 (5), 143-151.
Akinlade, J.A., Farinu, G.O., Taiwo, A.A., Aderinola, O.A., Adebayo, T.A., Ojebiyi, O.O. and Olaniran, O.A. (2007) Agronomic and Nutritive Evaluation of Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis) for fodder in the derived savannah zone of Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 2, 1059-1063. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijar.2007.1059.1063
Akinmutimi, A.H (2004). Evaluation of sword bean (Canavalia gladiate) as an alternative feed resources for broiler chickens. Ph.D Thesis, Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.
Alabi, O. M., (2012), cholesterol A. controversial components of poultry egg. A review, proceeding of the 37th conference of Ny society for Animal Production. Held at University of Agriculture Makurd, 18th – 21st March, 2012. Makurdi Pp. 683 – 685.
ARC (1980). The Nutrients Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. 4th Edition, CAD International, Wallingford, 73-310.
Anonymous (1980) Analytical Methods for Atomic-Absorption Spectrophotometry. Perkin-Eimer Corporation, Norwalk.
A.O. A.C (1990). Association of Official Analytical chemists. Methods of Analysis 15th Edition Washington D.C.
Ate I.U., Rekwot. P. I., Nok A. J. and Tekdek , L. B (2009a). Serum electrolyte values of cows during third trimester of pregnancy and early lactation in settled cattle herds in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. Vol. 12, No. 2, May 2009. Pp125-130
Ate I.U., Rekwot. P. I., Nok A. J. and Tekdek , L. B (2009). Haematological values of cows during third trimester of pregnancy and early lactation in settled cattle herds in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. Vol. 12, No. 3, 2009 Pp 226 -23.
Bauer, T. D., Ackermann, P. G. and Toro, G (197) Methods in clinical chemistry. Clinical laboratory method. The C.V Mosley Company, Saint Louis, P. 946.
Bengamin M.M. (1978). Online of veterinary clinical pathology 2nd edition, Iowa state University Press, Iowa U.S.A pp 35-105.
Bush, B.M (1991). Interpretation of laboratory results for small animals clinicians. Blackweel Scientific Publications: Oxford. Pp 25-34
Daramola, J. O., Adeloye, A. A., Fatoba, T.A., and Soladoye, A. O., (2005): Haematological and biochemical parameter of West African Dwarf goats. Lives. Res for Rural Dever 17(8): 3 - 5. 2005.
Duncan, D.B (1955). Multiple range and multiple F tests. Bometrics 11(1), 1-42.
Duncan, J.R., Prasse, K.W. and Mahaffey, E.A. (1994). Veterinary Laboratory, Medicine (Clinical Pathology). Iowa State University Press: Ames. Pp 94-96
Etim, N.N., Williams, M.E., Akpabio, U. and Edem, E.A. (2014). Haematological parameters and factors affecting their values. Agricultural Sciences 2 (1), 37-47,
Fraser, C.M., and Mays, A. (1986). Management, husbandry and disease of marine mammals. The Merck Veterinary manual.
Ganong W.F. (2005). Review of Medical physilogy. 22nd Edition McGraw-Hill Medical Publication Asias pp 459: 516-532
Grunes, D.L and Welch, R.M (1989). Plant contents of magnesium, calcium and potassium in relation to ruminant nutrition. Journal of Animal science 67(12), 3485-3494
Hassan, L.G. and Umar, K.J. (2006) Nutritional Value of Balsam Apple (Momordica balsamina L.) Leaves. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5, 522-529. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2006.522.529.
Jain, N.C. (1986). Haemotological Techniques in: Schalmis veterinary Haematology. Lea and Febiger philadelphia pp:80-86.
Kaneko, K. (1989). Patterndynamics in spatiotemporal chaos: pattern selection and pattern competition intermittency. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 34(1-2), 1-41.
Kaslow, J.E. (2009). Globulins, total protein. http://www.drkaslow.com/html/protein.albumin.globulin.html.
Khan, Z.I., Ashraf, M., Hussain, A. and McDowell, L.R. (2005) Seasonal Variation of Trace Elements in a Semiarid Veld Pasture. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37, 1471-1484. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620600585914
Margaret, L. and Vickery, B. (1997) Plant Products of Tropical Africa. Macmillan in College, London.
McDowell, L.R. (1985) Calcium, Phosphorus and Flourine. In: McDowell, L.R., Ed., Nutrition of Grazing Ruminants in Warm Climates, Academic Press, Orlando, 189-212.
McDowell, L.R and Arthington, J.D, (2005). Minerals for grazing ruminants in tropical regions. Institute of food and Agricultural Sciences. University of Florida. No. Ed pp.v+ 86pp.
Miles, W.H. and McDowell, L.R. (1983). World Animal review. Sidalc.net.
Mitruka, B. M. and Rawnsley, M. (1977). Clinical Biochemical and Haematological Reference Values in Normal Experimental Animals. Masson publishing New York
Motsei, L. E., Yusuf, A. O., and Ravhuhali K. (2020). Seasonal variation in some physiological parameters of calves on communal range land of North West Province, South Africa. Afr J. Food Agric Nutrition Development. 2020: 20(1): 15304 – 15316.
Njidda, A.A., Hassan, I.T. and Olatunji, E.A. (2013). Haematological and biochemical parameters of goats of semi-arid environment fed on natural grazing rangeland of Northern Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 3 (2): 1-8.
Njidda, A.A., Shuaibu, A.A. and Isidahomen, C.E. (2014). Haematological and serum biochemical indices of sheep in semi-arid environment of northern Nigeria. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: D Agricultural and Veterinary, 14(2): 49-56
Noah, M.R (2015). Effect of inhaled benzene on mice’s peripheral blood: Erythrocyte morphology and count analysis, hematocrit and hemoglobin level and erythrocyte indices. Inter. Proc. Chem., Biol and Environ. Engin 90: 114-120.
NRC (National Research Council). (1985). Nutrient requirement of dairy and meat goats in temperate and tropical countries. National Academy of Science, Washington D.C.
Odeyinka S.M. and Okunade, G.K. (2005). Goat production in Oyo State: A case study of
Ogbomosho town. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 32 (1), 108-115
Oluyemi, E. A., Akilua, A. A., Adenuya, A. A. and Adebayo M. B. (2006). Mineral contents of some commonly consumed Nigerian foods. Science Focus, 2006; (1):153-157.
Owosibo, A.O., Odetola, O.M., Okere, I.A, and Odejide, J.O. (2017). Growth performance, blood parameters and carcass characteristics of broilers fed corn bran based diets with or without enzynes (Maxigrain) supplementation. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science 19(1), 135-143.
Oyawoye, E. O., (1999). A case of environmental small scale backyard livestock production towards augmenting family protein needs. Proceedings of small scale livestock production towards reduction of malnutrition and poverty in rural and sub urban families in Nigeria. 7 – 11th March, ATBU Bauchi 1999 Pp. 92 – 103.
Peters, K.J., (1988). Principles in evaluation of goat populations in tropical and subtropical environments. World Review of Animal Production, Vol, XXIV, No 1, January-March 1988
Plumb, D. C., (1999). Veterinary Drug Handbook. Lower State University Press Veterinary Clinic Pathology Practice Publishing Co., 1984.
Prvulovic, D., Kosarcic, S., Popovic, M., Dimitrigevic, D. and Grubor-Lajsic, G. (2012). The influenced of hydrated allumino-silicate on biochemical and haematological blood parameters, growth performance and carcass traits of pigs. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11(1): 134 - 140.
Roberts, K. M., Daryl, K. G., Peter, A. M. and Victor, W. R. (2003). Harpers Biochemistry, 25th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York. Pp. 765.
Sanusi, W.A. (2011). Effect of poverty on participation in non- farm activity in Ibarapa Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Research. (1)88-95.
Sowande, O. S. Odufowora, E. B., Adelakun, A. O., Egbeyale, L. T., (2008). Blood minerals in WAD Sheep and goat grazing natural pastures during wet and dry seasons. Archives de Zootecnia, Vol. 57, number 218 Junio, 2008, Pp. 275 – 278. Chicago II.
SPSS Inc. (2010). Statistical procedure for social sciences. SPSS version 17.0. SPSS Inc
Swati Deshmuki and VarshaJadhav.(2014). Bromatological and mineral assessment of Clitoria ternetea Linn leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 5, No. 3, Pp. 244 – 246.
Tavares – Dias, M., Oliveira – Junior, A., and Marcon, J. L., (2008). Methodological limitation of counting total leukocrytes and thrombocytes in reptile (Amazon turtile, Podocnemis expansa): An analysis and discussion. Acta Amazonica 38, 159 – 163.23
Timothy, M.M. (2016). Mechanical Blood Trauma in Assisted Circulation: Bublethal RBC Damage Preceding Hemolysis. The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 39:4, 150-159.
Ukpabi, U.H. (2007) “Evaluation of Mucuna seed mel based diets for goat production in South-Eastern Nigeria” Ph.D Theis, Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU), Abia State, Nigeria.
Underwood, E. J. (1980). The mineral nutrition of livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England. 1981; 10.
Walinga, I., Vark, W., Houba, V.J.G. and Lee, J.J. (1989). Soil and plant analysis, part 7, plant analysis procedures, Wageningen, The Netherlands: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutriton, Wageningen Agricultural University.
Whitten, L. K., (1971): Disease of domestic animals in New Zealand. Edit serv, wellington, New Zealand. Pp. 341 – 342.
Published
2021-10-13
How to Cite
Alalade, J. A., Okunlola, O. O., Adaramola, K. A., Tairu, H. M., Adelodun, O. B., Adebisi, I. A., & SMuraina, T. O. (2021). Haematology and Biochemical indices of White Fulani Cattle Grazed on Natural Pasture in Four Locations . Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 4(3), 82 - 92. Retrieved from http://www.njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/161
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